The asymmetric unit membrane (AUM) forms numerous plaques, which cover the apical surface of the urothelium. These plaques are thought to strengthen the urothelium and reduce the risk of rupturing during ladder distention. They are composed of four major integral membrane proteins called uroplakins (UP). The uroplakin family comprises UPIa, UPIb, UPII, and UPIII. Family members are conserved among several species, including human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, pig and sheep. UPIa and UPIb form tightly packed structures with UPII and UPIII, respectively. This pairing is required for normal urothelial plaque formation and is regulated by proteolytic processing of the uroplakin proteins. Uroplakins are expressed in normal urothelium and are used as specific markers of urothelial differentiation. They are also expressed in a majority of transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder (TCCs), which make the uroplakins a useful marker for detecting bladder cancer metastasis and for staging and monitoring chemotherapeutic response.
产品应用
应用
已检合格种属
预测种属
推荐稀释比例
IHC-P
Human, Mouse
1:100-500
IHC-F
Human, Mouse
1:100-500
IF
Human, Mouse
1:100-500
交叉反应
交叉反应: Human, Mouse
相关产品
暂无相关产品
靶标
基因名
UPK3A
蛋白名
Uroplakin-3a
亚细胞定位
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Heterodimer formation with UPK1B is a prerequisite to exit out of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
组织特异性
Expressed in ureter.
疾病
Defects in UPK3A are a cause of renal adysplasia (RADYS) [MIM:191830]; also known as renal agenesis or renal aplasia. Renal agenesis refers to the absence of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) kidneys at birth. Bilateral renal agenesis belongs to a group of perinatally lethal renal diseases, including severe bilateral renal dysplasia, unilateral renal agenesis with contralateral dysplasia and severe obstructive uropathy.
相似性
Belongs to the uroplakin-3 family.
功能
Component of the asymmetric unit membrane (AUM); a highly specialized biomembrane elaborated by terminally differentiated urothelial cells. May play an important role in AUM-cytoskeleton interaction in terminally differentiated urothelial cells. It also contributes to the formation of urothelial glycocalyx which may play an important role in preventing bacterial adherence.